New ILRI study maps hotspots of human-animal infectious diseases and emerging disease outbreaks

New ILRI study maps hotspots of human-animal infectious diseases and emerging disease outbreaks « ILRI news

 

The whole report : http://mahider.ilri.org/handle/10568/21161


The study assessed 56 zoonoses, together responsible for around 2.5 billion cases of human illness and 2.7 million human deaths a year. We identified the 13 zoonoses most important to poor livestock keepers because of their impacts on human health, livestock sector, amenability to agriculture-based control, and other criteria (chapter 2). These were, in descending order: zoonotic gastrointestinal disease; leptospirosis; cysticercosis; zoonotic tuberculosis; rabies; leishmaniasis; brucellosis; echinococcosis; toxoplasmosis; Q fever; zoonotic trypanosomosis, hepatitis E; and anthrax.
Strength of evidence: moderate

HEV:
Affected humans per annum 14 000 000
Human Death Annualy 300 000

Gastrointestinal:
Affected humans per annum 2 333 000 000
Human Death Annualy 1 500 000

Bacterial food-borne disease – the forgotten zoonoses

Pathogen

In this category we include the bacterial zoonotic diseases, which are transmitted mainly through food. We reviewed Salmonella, toxigenic Escherichia coli, Listeria, Campylobacter and Toxoplasma which are among the most important causes of food-borne disease as well as hepatitis E, an emerging zoonosis. Other zoonoses of somewhat lesser importance not reviewed are: Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus, and Clostridium spp. In this section, we do not include the previously considered classical endemic zoonoses that are often food-borne (brucellosis, Q fever, zoonotic tuberculosis) but have other important transmission pathways. We did not consider non-zoonotic diseases associated with animal source foods (typhoid, rotavirus disease, scarlet fever, giardiasis, shigellosis etc.). We call these ‘forgotten’ zoonoses because health experts, decision makers and the public are often unaware of the important role zoonoses play in food-borne infections.